Type-writing machine



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(No Model.)

:Patef' July 12, 1892.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. D. DAUGHERTY.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE. No. 478,925. Patented July 12, 1892.

WITNESEES.

(No Model.)l 3 sheets-sheet 3.

J.'D.,DAUGHBRTY. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 478,925. Patented July 12,V 1892.

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TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 478,925, dated July 12, 1892. Application filed September 1, 1891. Serial No. 404,386. (No model.)

.To all whom, it may 0071.061111..-

Be it known that I, JAMES DENNY DAUGH- ERTY, of Kittanning, in the county of Armstrong and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Type-Writing Machines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use it, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in type-Writing machines, and which is intended as an improvement upon Patent No. 457,258, granted to4 me August 4, 1891, and my pending application Serial No. 350,286, led May 4, 1891; and it consists in certain novel features of construction, which will be fully described hereinafter,and particularly referred to in the claims.

The primary object of my present invention is to shift the platen Yelltiallyin relation to the type-bars for the purpose of printing from two or more characters on a single type-bar, instead of shifting the type-bars vertically, as shown and described in' my aforesaid application and patent.

Another object of this invention is-to place the ribbon-shifting frame in relation to the feed-lever so that it is operated directly by the said feed-lever without any intermediate mechanism.

A further object of my invention is to construct a ribbon-feed which is operated by the vibrating or tilting ribbon-frame, and to so construct the ribbon-spools that they carry two ribbons, one alongside of the'other, and to construct the ribbon vibrating frame so that either ribbon can be removed therefrom and the other placed in position therein to be printed from, and thus save the necessity of reeling the ribbons, as is now the case, for the purpose of changing from one ribbon to the other.

The object of this invention relates still further to other novel features of construction, which/will be fully shown and described hereinafter.

In the drawings, Figure l is a longitudinal vertical section taken through the center of my machine. showing the manner of shifting the carriage guideways or rails and the manner of pivoting the key-levers and type-bars, the carriage, spacing mechanism, and ribbon mechanism being removed; Fig. 3 is alongitudinal vertical section taken through the center of the inner end of my machine, the figure being shown enlarged to show the particular construction thereof. Fig. 4 is a front view of the ribbon vibrating or tilting frame and the ribbon-feed mechanism. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the lowerportion of the carriage, the cylinder being omitted and the tilting and stationary rack-bars shown. Fig. 6 is an enlarged plan view of the dog and the Vracks adjacent thereto. Fig. 7 is an enlarged plan view of the racks and the dog, showing a modification thereof. Fig. S is a front view of the plate Q.

A indicates the base of my machine, which is cut out, as shown, to give room for the keylevers to be pressed down, and is provided at each side of its inner end with a carriagesupporting portion P, which extends upward a suitable distance. Extending upward from the base A, at each side thereof and just inside of the Vertical portions P, are the studs B, which support the two curved bars D E. Pivoted at their inner and lower ends upon the curved cross-bar E are the type-bars G, which are provided with the downwardly and inwardly extending project-ions e, which extend between the prongs M N, formed upon the innerends of the pivoted key-leversI J; also,

extending upward from opposite sides ofthe base A beyond the lugs B are the lugs C, which support two curved bars H I', upon which the said key-levers are pivoted. The key-levers are arranged in twoseries, one be-- ing pivoted upon one of the cross-bars and the other upon the other cross-bar. The short key-levers I are pivoted upon the inner pivotal cross-bar I and the longer key-levers J are pivoted upon the outer pivotal cross-bar H. By means of this arrangement the pivotal point of the long key-levers isbrought farther away from the pivotal point of the type-bars than the pivotal point of the short key-levers, so that the leverage of the long key-levers will not be greater than the lever- Fig. 2 is a perspective view IOO age of the short key-levers, and in this manner the touch of the key-levers is made al most uniform, as will be readily understood. The key-levers I, which are pivoted upon the inner cross pivotahrod I, have a slot through which the outer bar passes, which allows the said levers a vertical play, and the levers J, which are pivoted upon the outer cross-bar, are provided with slots through which the inner cross-bar I' passes, which allows the said bars J a vertical play, all of which is plainly shown in Fig. 2.

Division-plates K are placed between the typebars for the purpose of guiding them to some extent to the printing-point, and for the purpose of separating them and to prevent them from interfering in any manner, and also to hold the projections of the type-bars always in a line with the projections of the key-levers, so that they will always strike when operated. In order to accomplish these results, the division-plates K have their inner and lower ends placed upon a curved rod D inside of the curved rod E, upon which the type-bars are pivoted, and are provided with the ndownwardly-extending portions or projections d, which extend between the projections formedupon the adjacent type-bars and key-levers, as shown, and hold them in the proper position to always engage and to prevent their disengaging. The division-plates then extend upward at an angle, asshown at a, to a rod L, which supports the upper ends of the division-plates and upon which the type-bars rest at an angle, as shown. From the rod L the division-plates are provided with downwardly and slightly-rearwardly extending portions l), which have their lower ends provided with the inwardly-extending projections c. The lower ends of these portions 1) of the division-plates are supported upon the two curved bars upon which the key-levers I J are pivoted.

It will be noticed that while the type-bars of my aforesaid patent and application are slightly at an angle I place` the type-bars in this machine at agreater angle, which accomplishes the same result aimed at in the said patent and application-viz., a visible-writing machine. In this case it will also be noticed that the pivotal rod E, upon which the type bars are pivoted, is considerably beyond the periphery of the printing cylinder or platen 14 The object of placing this rod in this relative position is to give the type-barthe necessary swing or movement before striking the printing-point to enable a hard blow or iinpression. By placing the type-bar at an incline, as here shown, I am enabled to lighten tlreltouch reqnired to raise the ,type-bar,ow ing to the fact that the center of gravity of the said bar is brought nearer tothe fulcrum of Ythe said bar, while the necessary movement is obtained by allowing the barto pass on beyond the pivotal point thereof, which also tends to lessen the stroke required to carry the type-bar to the printing-point. The typebar is brought back toits normal position by its rebound, and byaspring or rubber band 1S, whichis stretched across in front of the printing-point, as shown, and which the type-bar strikes just before reaching the papercylinder.

The inner edge of the typebar projection e, Fig. 1, is made convex where the lower projection N of the key-lever engages for throwing the type-bar to the printing-point, and upon its inner edge with a slight projection f, which engages the upper projection M of the key-lever and prevents lost motion of the bar when it is first struck; but after the typebar has traveled to near the printing-point the projection f has passed beyond the upper projection of the key-lever, and it (the typebar) is allowed to strike the printing-point without affecting the key-1ever. In this manner the type-bar is prevented from having any lost motion when first. struck by the keylever, but is allowed lost motion just before striking the printingpoint,so that if the keylever is released before the type-bar strikes the printing-point the type-bar will reach the said point before the upper prong of the keylever has returned or descended suiiiciently to strike the reduced extremity of the said projection e to return the type-bar to its normal position.

In order to guide the type-bars into perfect alignment at a common printing point, I place underthe printingfpoint a perforated plate Q., which is secured and supported by the supports P. The perforations R are placed in several series or rows one above the other, as shown, for the reason that they would be too close if placed side by side, as one would out into the other. There will be a perforation R for each type-bar, and each type-bar is provided on its inner edge with a tapered projection U, which enters its corresponding perforation R and guides the type accurate to the printing-point, as will be un derstood. In order to prevent Sticking of these projections inthe perforations, the perforations will be just large enough to fit snugly but not tightly the largest part of the projection U.

Formed in the type-bar between its ends at any convenient point is a V-shapcd bend S, for the purpose of aiding in bringing the type into alignment vertically, when the machine is being manufactured, by expanding or contracting the said bend, and thus shortening or lengthening the typebar. This can be very readily and easily done by means of pliers made for the purpose and which have their jaws shaped to fit the said bend, or it can even be done with fiat-nose pliers.

In the construction here shown I shift the platen or printing-cylinder l-f vertically in relation to the type-bar, each of which carries two characters, instead of shifting the typebars vertically in relation to the platen, as shown in my aforesaid pat-ent and application. To accomplish this, I form upon the IIO engaging.

inner side of the supports P the loops or sockets f for the reception of the T-bars b', which have their upper or horizontal portions secured to opposite ends ofthe carriage guiderails The vertical portions of these T-bars b are provided with shoulders 2l, just above the upper loop or socket f', whichlimit the lower position of the said bar, which is the normal position of the carriage, to bring a small letter t0 the printing-point. Pivoted between its ends upon lugs a', which extend upward from opposite sides of the base A, is a shifting or upper-case U-shaped frame 10,

which has its outer end extending across in,

front of the keys, as shown, and hasits inner end pivotally connected to the lower screwthreaded ends of the T-bars b. Placed upon the screw-threaded ends of these verticallymoving bars b are the adjustingnuts 22, which limit the upward movement of the carriage or platen by coming in contact with the under side of the lower loop or socket f. In this manner the vertical movement of the platen can be accurately and quickly adj usted to suit the distance between the type upon the several bars. A downward pressure upon the outer endof the shifting frame l0 throws the guide-rails upward and with'itpthme'platen (tjcylid'ernttiieibbofling AIn echanism, WhiChrlLti-S' bythe Vfrgpnt gi'draaaswill rressstly' an "est" v`The guide-rails are provide Vlwith longitudinal grooves upon their inner sides, in which the small rollers or wheels 1 of the carriage y run andwhich guides and supports the carriage in its back-and-forth movement.

Pivoted at the point 19 is a feed-lever, which has a vertical portion i extending upward between the two rack-bars 12 and 13 of the carriage and carries a dog, which will receive mention furt-her on. This feed-lever also has a horizontal portion 25, which extends under all of the key-levers, so that when any one of them is depressed the upper end of the vertical portion of the feed-lever is oscillated or vibrated between the two parallel rack-bars. Placed upon the upper end of this lever is a dog, which is preferably composed of two pivoted parts p and q, which have a movement independent of each other, and rigidly secured to the part p of the dog is a spring fr, which extends over and rests upon the other part q, as shown. -This spring holds the two parts of the dog firmly against the two adj listing-screws o, which engage therewith. The teeth of the two racks, as shown in Fig. 6, are cut so that their holding-shoulders are directly opposite each other, and the teeth are of a size equal to one letter-space. By this figure, however, it will be seen that one end of the dog sets a little forward of the other and just sufficiently forward to be opposite the middle of the space or notch, which is in front of the notch in which the dog q is In this manner, when the upper portion il of the feed-lever is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow, the end q of the dog is removed from the rear rack of the carriage and the other end of the dog being opposite the space in front of the space engaged by the dog q allows the carriage to move just a half-space. In this position the part q of the dog which has just been removed frorn the rear rack is opposite the middle of the space which is directly opposite the space in which the part p is resting, and thus the carriage is moved a half-space when the key-lever is depressed and a half-space when it is allowed to rise, as will be readily understood. From this description it will be seen that in order to feed the carriage a half-space at a time the dog does not turn upon its pivot, but may be a rigid dog, and will operate as well for this purpose; but in order to permit of the carriage being moved in the reverse direction each part of the dog is pivoted so that it will slip over the rack which it is engaging. The rear rack 13 is pivoted at the points 24 in the carriage, and has a forwardly-extending handle y', by means of which it is lifted, so that the carriage can be moved in the direction of the line of printingwhen desired without feeding it a space at a time, as would otherwise be necessary.

From the above description it will be seen that the dog is set so that its holding-shoulders are in an oblique line across the line traveled by the racks; but this is not absolutely necessary, as the same result can be accomplished by having the dog straight and the holding-shoulders of the racks in an oblique line across the line of travel of the said racks. This is accomplished in the manner shown in Fig. 7, where the double-pointed dog is shown rigid and straight and the teeth of the two racks are made to alternate-that is to say, the teeth ofl one rack are opposite the notchin the other rack. By means of this construction oneend of the straight rigid dog is engaging a shoulder upon one rack, while the other pointed end of the dog is opposite the notch of the other ratch or half-waybetween the teeth. In this manner when the feed-lever is oscillated and the opposite ends of the dog engage the racks alternately, the carriage is fed forward ahalf-space at a time in the same manner as described in relation to Fig. 6. As a rigid dog is here shown,it will be necessary to turn the pivoted rack out of engagement with the dog before the carriage can be returned after a line has been printed. However, attention is called to the fact that the holding-shoulders of the dog in Fig. 6 are in an oblique line across the line of travel. of the racks, while in Fig. 7 the holding-shoulders of the racks are in an oblique line across the line of travel, by means of which the carriage is fed a half-space at a time, while the size of the teeth are each equal to one letterspace. l

Extending upward from the base A is a upper end of this standard W is a horizontal Ioo Athe vertical portion z' of the feed-lever.

shaft X, which carries a spring-pulley 7c upon its outer end for moving the carriage by means of a cord in the ordinary manner. The inner end of this shaft extends in beyond the vertical portion z', and is screw-threaded and has placed upon its screw-threaded end a screw-threaded socket or nut Y, upon the outer end of which is secured a bell 27. Placed between this socket Y and the vertical portion 'L' of the feed-lever is a suitable spring Z, which engages with both of them, and thus normally holds the portion t' of the feed-le- `ver in the positions shown in Figs. l and 3, when the rear dog is normallyin engagement with the rear pivoted rack 13. By means of this construction the touch of the machine can be regulated by turning the bell, and with it the adjustable socket Y, which will com- `press the spring and make the touch harder,

or will release the spring and make the touch lighter, as will be readily understood, since the horizontal portion of the feed-lever is normally in engagement with the under sides of the key-levers.

Pivotally supported by the guide-rails is a vibrating ribbon-guide, which consists of a vertical portion w, through which the ribbon passes, with a horizontal portion n, which extends under the carriage, and with a depending arm u, which is pivotally connected with The pivotal point passes througha vertical slot 4c, made in thelower end of the depending arm u, which slot allowstheribbon-guiding frame to be lifted with the guide-rails and the carriage when they are shifted for the purpose of printinga capital. From this description it will be readily understood that when the horizontal portion of the feed-lever is depressed by one of thekey-levers its vertical portion is moved outward, and the vertical portionw of the ribbon-frame, through which the ribbon passes, is moved upward in front of the printingpoint before the type reaches there and then drops down, leaving the printing visible when the key-lever is released and the type-bar allowed to return to its normal position. In this manner the last letter, as well as the whole line of writing, is left unobstructedly exposed to the eye of the operator. The vertical portion w of the ribbon tilting frame is provided with a vertical slot 7L', through which the type pass to the printing-point, and with two vertical slots g upon each side thereof, through which the ribbon passes. These slots have open upper ends, as shown, so that the ribbon can be quickly and readily removed therefrom and another placed therein.

The ribbon-spools m are made double, as shown, to receive two ribbons, 011e a copying vand one a record ribbon, or two ribbons of different colors, if desired, and in this manner either ribbon can be placed in the slots g', while the other is allowed to drop down under the ribbon which is being used. This construction will be found to be a great convenience, for the operator can quickly change from one ribbon to the other without having to reel one ribbon entirely upon the spool in order to bring the other ribbon to the printing-point, where two ribbons are placed upon a single spool in the ordinary manner.

The ribbon-feed mechanism consists of two levers fu', which are pivoted at their-outer ends to the outer ends of a horizontally-sliding bar i', which is attached to and slides upon the frame and which levers are curved under the spools and have their ends provided with a slot w', which received a horizontal portion of the vibrating ribbon-frame. These levers are held in the proper position to have the said slots receive the said horizontal portion of the said ribbon-frame when the levers are moved endwise for that purpose by means of a pin extending outward from the bar t" and which passes through a vertical slot u', made in the levers near their pivotal ends. Made through the center ot the sliding bar i is a semicircular opening j', in which a crank or cam 7e', extending from the guide-rail, turns for the purpose of throwing the bar in either direction desired. By means of this crank 7a' either one of the levers w can have its free end made to engage with the ribbon-frame. Vhen one is in engagement with the ribbon- `trame, the other is out of engagement therey with, as shown.

The ribbon-spools are made to revolve by means of a pawl r', which is pivoted to each of the levers fv and has its free end engage a ratchet-wheel p upon the spools. Extending outward from the sliding bar t" under the pawls r is a pin t', which limits the downward movement of the pawl, so that when the bar is moved to the right, as here shown, the pawl upon the right-hand lever is prevented from engaging the adjacent ratchet-wheel, owing to the fact that it is carried away from the ratchet-wheel and cannot drop down in engagement therewith because ot' the pin `Each of these pawls is provided with aserew or projection s', with which the under sides of the holding-pawls q engage, so that they are held out of engagement in the same manner that the pawls fr' are, and which is illustrated at the right-hand side of Fig. 4. Thus it will be seen that the ribbon is shifted or made to reel upon either spool desired by turning the crank 7c and throwing the sliding bar c" to either side desired, which will cause one set of dogs to be thrown in engagement with one spool, and at the same time the other set of dogs out of engagement with the other spool.

By means of the above-described construction l construct a simple and complete and `cheap type-bar machine in which there is a shift for bringing a capital or small letter to the printing-point and in which the whole matter written is visible the instant the impression is made.

Having thus described my invention, I claiml. In a type-writing machine, aplaten, a

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series of pivoted type-bars, a series of pivoted key-levers which vary in length, and two piv- E otal points for the key-levers, one of said pivotal points of the key-levers being n earer theI pivotal point of the type-bars than the others,

p the short and long levers being respectively j type-bars and key-levers, the type-bars hav-A ing each two characters, abase having verti- 2. In a type-writing machine, a series of calsupports at each side of its inner end, which are provided with vertical guide-ways at their inner sides, a .guide-rail, vertical bars connected to the guide-railand moving vertically in the guidew'ays, and a U-shaped frame pivoted betweenits endsand havingitsinnerends connected with the lower ends of the said vertical bars for moving them vertically, the typebars and key-levers being entirely within the U-shaped frame, the transverse portion of the frame being thereby outside of the outer ends of the key-levers to be depressed, all combined substantially as described.

3. A pivoted type-bar for a type-writing machine, having a projection at its pivoted end which is convex upon its outer edge and provided with a projection upon its inner edge, combined with a `key-lever having a projection which engages the convex surface of its outer edge and a second projection which engages the said projection upon the inner edge of the type-bar projection, the parts operating substantially as specified.

4. In a type-writing machine, a platen, a series of pivoted type-bars, a series of keylevers which varyin length, two pivotal bars for the key-levers, one of said bars being nearer the pivotal point of the type-bars than the other, the levers having an opening to receive one of said pivotal bars, and a slot through which the other pivotal bar passes, all combined as specified.

5. In a type-Writer, a carriage having two parallel racks, one of said racks being pivoted, a spacing-lever carrying a dog which has two ends that alternately engage the two racks, and key-levers and type-bars, all combined to operate substantially as specified.

6. In a type-writing machine, a car1iagecarrying a rack, a feed-lever having a vertical portion carrying a dog which engages the said rack, a spring-pulley, a shaft therefor, which has one end extending inside of the vertical portion of the feed-lever, an adjustable stop upon the inner end of the said shaft, and a spring engaging the said stop and the vertical portion of the feed-lever, all combined substantially as specified.

7. In a type-writing machine, a carriage carrying a rack, a feed-lever having a vertical portion carrying a dog which engages the said rack, a spring-pulley, a shaft therefor, which has one end extending inside of the said vertical portion of the feed-lever and screwsubstantially as speci.

threaded, a screw-threaded socket upon the said shaft, carrying a bell, and a spring between the said socket and the vertical portion of the feed-lever, the parts combined'substantially as described.

8. In a type-writing machine, a vibrating feed-lever having `a vertical portion, and a vibrating ribbon guide or carrier, which is engaged andtilted by the said vertical portion of the feed-lever, the parts combined substantially as specified.

9. In a type-writing machine, a vibrating feed-lever having a vertical portion, and a vibrating ribbon-guide pivoted in front of the said vertical portion of the feed-lever, having a depending portion which is engaged by the vertical portion of the feed-lever, the parts combined substantially as set forth.

l0. In a type-writing machine, a vibrating feed-lever having a vertical portion, and a vibrating ribbon-guide pivotally supported in front of the feed-lever and having a depending portion which is pivotally connected with the said vertical portion of the feed-lever, all combined substantially as shown.

l1. In a type-writing machine, a verticallyshifting platen-frame carrying a platen, ribbon-spools, and a ribbon-feed mechanism, combined with type-bars carrying each two characters, and key-levers, all combined as set forth.

l2. A ribbon-feed mechanism for type-writing machines, comprising a ribbon-spool carrying an operating-wheel, a vibrating frame upon one side of the spool, a lever pivoted at the opposite side of the spool from the frame, having its free end adapted to engage therewith, and a dog upon the lever between its free end and pivotal point for engaging the said operating wheel, substantially as described.

13. The combination, in a type-writing machine, with a printing mechanism and a vibratory ribbon-frame for the purpose described, of a ribbon-spool upon each side thereof, pivoted levers having their free ends engage the said frame, and dogs upon the levers for operating the said spools, substantially as described.

14. In a type-writer, the combination, with a printing mechanism, of a vibratory ribbonframe for the purpose described, a ribbonspool at each side thereof, levers pivoted at opposite sides of the spools from the said frame, having their free ends engaging the said frame, and dogs upon the levers between their free ends and pivotal points which engage the said spools, substantially as set forth.

l5. A ribbon-feed mechanism for type-writing machines, comprising ribbon-spools, a vibrating frame between the said spools, a bar sliding transverse the said spools, carrying pivoted levers having their free ends alternately engage the vibrating frame when the sliding bar is moved, and dogs upon the levers for operating the spools, substantially as described.

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1G. A ribbon-feed mechanism forv type-writ ing machines, comprising ribbon-spools carrying ratchet-wheels, a vibrating Vframe between the said spools, a bar sliding transverse to the vibrating frame, levers pivoted at their outer ends to the said sliding bar and their inner ends having slots which engage the said vibrating frame alternately when the sliding bar is moved, and pawls upon the levers for engaging the ratchet-wheels, whereby the ribbon is made to travel in the reverse direction, substantially as specified.

17. A ribbon-feed mechanism for type-writin g machines, ribbon-spools carrying ratchetwheels, a vibrating frame between the spools, a bar sliding transverse the Vibrating-frame, carrying pivoted levers having their free ends adapted to alternately engage the Vibrating frame when the sliding bar is moved, actuating-pawls upon the levers for engaging the said ratchet-wheels, and holding-pawls upon the sliding bar for engaging the ratchetwheels, whereby the levers and pawls are moved toge her, substantially as set forth.

18. In a typewriting machine,avertcally shifting carriage having a rack-bar, a vibrating feed-lever carrying a pawl which engages the said rack and which is wider than the disd tance of the vertical movement of the carriage, whereby it remains in engagement with the rack when the carriage is moved vertically, type-bars having each ltwo characters, and key-levers, all combined substantially as specified.

19. In a type-writing machine, a platen, type-bars pivoted at their inner ends between the said platen, having each a tapered projection on its inner face between its free ends, and a plate between the pivotal points of the type-bars and the platen, having; a series of perforations to receive the said projections, substantially as specied.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES DENNY DAUGIIERTY.

\Vitnesses:

H. L. GOLDEN, W. D. PA'rToN. 

